Which structures are involved in bicondylar articulation at the TMJ?

The correct answer involves the mandibular condyles and articular discs. In a bicondylar articulation, the primary components that engage in the joint movement are the rounded ends of the bones—the mandibular condyles—along with the articular discs that sit between them and the temporal bone of the skull. This configuration allows for the smooth gliding and movement necessary for functions such as chewing and speaking.

The articular discs play a crucial role in distributing pressure and allowing the condyles to move within the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) without causing friction against the surrounding bones. This anatomical arrangement is essential for proper jaw function and stability.

The other listed structures do not participate directly in the bicondylar articulation at the TMJ, as they either lie outside the immediate joint area or serve different anatomical functions unrelated to the primary movement of the TMJ.